In this study, music student teachers’ performance anxiety levels, which affect the educational process in a negative way, were examined and these anxiety levels were predicted regarding the relations between the student teachers' perfectionism levels and self-efficacy beliefs. Correlational screening model was chosen as the method in the study. The data were collected via scales that were administered to 541 undergraduate student teachers studying in eight music education programs that were located in different regions of Turkey. The data were analyzed through regression and correlation tests by using SPSS 15.0. The findings of the research yielded significant correlations between music performance anxiety levels and perfectionism and self-efficacy beliefs among student teachers. Parallel to previous studies, it was concluded that perfectionism could affect students' performance anxiety positively or negatively and that high self-efficacy is an important factor in preventing musical performance anxiety.