Loneliness and Resilience of Teacher Candidates: The Mediator role of Cynicism

Author :  

Year-Number: 2019-Volume 11, Issue 3
Language : null
Konu :
Number of pages: 62-72
Mendeley EndNote Alıntı Yap

Abstract

Keywords

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate a mediator role of cynicism in the relationship between loneliness and resilience. Participants were 302 teacher candidates [177 (58.6%) female, 125 (41.4%) male, Mage = 23.14 years, SD = 2.38] who completed questionnaires package the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Resilience Scale and the Hunter Cynicism Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. A bootstrapping analysis was conducted in order to determine any indirect effects. The results showed that loneliness predicted cynicism positively and resilience negatively, and that cynicism predicted resilience negatively. It was further found that the structural equation model that proposed that loneliness had a direct and an indirect effect through cynicism on resilience was confirmed. The results of the study were discussed in the light of relevant literature, and suggestions for future studies were made.

Keywords


  • Abraham, R. (2000). Organizational cynicism: Bases and consequences. Genetic, social, and general psychology monographs, 126(3), 269-292.

  • Andersson, L. M. (1996). Employee cynicism: An examination using a contract violation framework. Human relations, 49(11), 1395-1418. doi: 10.1177/001872679604901102

  • Borawski, D. (2018). The loneliness of the zero-sum game loser. The balance of social exchange and belief in a zero-sum game as predictors of loneliness. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 270-276. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.037

  • Brelim, S. (1985). "Intimate Relationships". Random House, NewYork.

  • Cindiloğlu, M., Polatcı, S., Özçalık, F., & Gültekin, Z. (2017). “The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on Job and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange”. Ege Academic Review, 17(2), 191200. doi: 10.21121/eab.2017225198.

  • Copel, L. C. (1988). Loneliness: A conceptual model. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Nursing, 26(1), 14-19.

  • Doğan, T. (2015) Adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(1), 93-102.

  • Doğan, T., Çötok, N. A., & Tekin, E. G. (2011). Reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) among university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 20582062. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.053

  • Eraslan Çapan, B., & Sarıçalı, M. (2016). “The Role of Social and Emotional Loneliness in Problematic Facebook Use”, İnönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 17(3), 53- 66. doi:10.17679/iuefd.17306122

  • Erdost, HE., Karacaoğlu, K., & Reyhanoğlu, M. (2007). The concept of organizational cynicism and testing related to the scale of a firm in Turkey, 15th National Management and Organization Congress (Congress Book). Sakarya. 25-27 May, 514-523.

  • Gerino, E., Rollè, L., Sechi, C., & Brustia, P. (2017). Loneliness, resilience, mental health, and quality of life in old age: A structural equation model. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 2003. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02003

  • Gizir, C. A. (2007). A review of resilience, risk factors and protective factors. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 3(28),113-128.

  • Greene, R. (2002). Human behavior theory: A resilience orientation. (Ed: R. Greene) Resiliency: An integrated approach to practice, policy, and research. Washington, DC: NASW Press.

  • Güloğlu, B., & Karaırmak, Ö. (2010). Self-esteem and Resilience as the Predictors of Loneliness among University Students, Ege Education Journal 2(11), 73-81.

  • Hays, R.D., & DiMatteo, M.R. (1987). A short-form measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 51, 69-81.

  • Hu, L.T., & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118

  • James, M. S. L. (2005). An tecedents and Consequences of Cynicism in Organizations: An Examination of thePotential Positive and Negative Effects on School Systems. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Florida State University, USA

  • Kalağan, G. (2009). The Relationship Between Organizational Support Perception of Research Assistants and Organizational Cynicism Attitudes. Unpublished Master Dissertation, The Akdeniz University, Turkey.

  • Kalağan, G., & Güzeller, C. O. (2010). The Organizational Cynicism Levels of the Teachers. Pamukkale University Journal of Education Faculty, 27, 83-97

  • Karaırmak, Ö., & Çetinkaya, R. S. (2011). The Effect of Self-Esteem and Locus of Control on Resilience: The Mediating Role of Affects. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 4 (35), 30-43.

  • Kaymaz, K., Eroğlu, U., & Sayılar, Y. (2014). “Effect of Loneliness at Work on the Employees’ Intention to Leave”. Industrıal Relatıons and Human Resources Journal, 16(1), 38-53. doi:10.4026/1303-2860.2014.0241.x

  • Kiraz, Z., & Bakioglu, F. (2016). Adaptation of Hunter Cynicism Scale to Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(11), 2643-2650. doi:10.13189/ujer.2016.041118

  • Lee, H. B., Restori, A. F., & Katz, G. S. A (2010). Factor structure and psychometric evaluation of the hunter cynicism scale. Psychology Journal, 7, 121-127.

  • Little, T.D., Cunningham, W.A., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K.F. (2002). To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits. Structural equation modeling, 9(2), 151-173. doi:10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_1

  • MacCallum, R.C., Browne, M.W., & Sugawara, H.M. (1996). Power analysis & determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130-149. doi:10.1037//1082-989X.1.2.130

  • Manzano García, G., & Ayala Calvo, J. C. (2012). Emotional exhaustion of nursing staff: influence of emotional annoyance and resilience. International Nursing Review, 59(1), 101-107. doi:10.1111/j.14667657.2011.00927.x

  • Masten, A. S., Cutuli, J. J., Herbers, J. E., & Reed M. G. J. (2009). Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology: Resilience in development. (Ed: C. R. Snyder and S. J. Lopez), 117-132. New York: Oxford University Press.

  • Murphy, R. (2014). New Morning: Optimism and Resilience in Tony Richardson's A Taste of Honey and The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner. Journal of British Cinema and Television, 11(2-3), 378-396. doi:10.3366/jbctv.2014.0222

  • Neto, F. (2006). Dimensions and Correlates of Social Axioms Among a Portuguese Sample. Individual Differences Research, 4(5), 340-351.

  • Özcan, B. (2005). Comparison of parents and divorced high school students in terms of resilience characteristics and protective factors. Unpublished Master Dissertation, The Ankara University, Turkey.

  • Özcelik, H., & Barsade, S. (2011). Work Loneliness and Employee Performance. Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, 1-6. doi:10.5465/ambpp.2011.65869714

  • Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). “Toward a Social Psychology of Loneliness”. (Eds.). R. Gilmour, & S. Duck, Personal Relationships: 3. Relationships in Disorder, 31-56. London: Academic Press.

  • Perron, J. L., Cleverley, K., & Kidd, S. A. (2014). Resilience, loneliness, and psychological distress among homeless youth. Archives of psychiatric nursing, 28(4), 226-229. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2014.05.004

  • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior research methods, 40(3), 879-889. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879

  • Rutter, M. (1999). Resilience concept and findings: Implications for family therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 21, 119-144. doi:10.1111/1467-6427.00108

  • Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Ferguson, M. L. (1978). Developing a measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 42, 290–294.

  • Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Jennifer Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15, 194-200. doi:10.1080/10705500802222972

  • Şişman, M., & Turan, S. (2004). A Study of Correlation between Job Satisfaction and Social-Emotional Loneness of Educational Administrators in Turkish Public Schools. Osmangazi University Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1): 117-128.

  • Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston: Pearson.

  • Uçkun, S., & Üzüm, B. (2019). A Perspective of Organization Loneliness. Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 5(15), 125-130.

  • Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E., & Austin, J. T. (2000). Cynicism about organizational change: Measurement, antecedents, and correlates. Group & Organization Management, 25(2), 132-153.

  • Yaşar, R. (2007). “Loneliness”. Fırat University Journal of Social Sciences, 17(1): 237-260.

  • Zhao, X., Zhang, D., Wu, M., Yang, Y., Xie, H., Li, Y., Jia, J., & Su, Y. (2018). Loneliness and depression symptoms among the elderly in nursing homes: A moderated mediation model of resilience and social support. Psychiatry research, 268, 143-151. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.011

                                                                                                                                                                                                        
  • Article Statistics